map of Republic of Tatarstan
The Republic of Tatarstan, or simply Tatarstan, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is a part of the Volga Federal District; and its capital and largest city is Kazan, one of the most important cultural centres of Russia.The republic borders Kirov, Ulyanovsk, Samara, and Orenburg Oblasts, the Mari El, Udmurt, and Chuvash Republics, and the Republic of Bashkortostan. The area of the republic is 68,000 square kilometres (26,000 sq mi). The unofficial Tatarstan motto is Bez Buldırabız! (We can!). As of the 2010 Census, the population of Tatarstan was 3,786,488.
The state has strong cultural ties with its eastern neighbour, the Republic of Bashkortostan.
The state languages of the Republic of Tatarstan are Tatar and Russian The republic is located in the center of the East European Plain, approximately 800 kilometers (500 mi) east of Moscow. It lays between the Volga River and the Kama River (a tributary of the Volga), and extends east to the Ural mountains.
Borders:
internal: Kirov Oblast (N), Udmurt Republic (N/NE), Republic of Bashkortostan (E/SE), Orenburg Oblast (SE), Samara Oblast (S), Ulyanovsk Oblast (S/SW), Chuvash Republic (W), Mari El Republic (W/NW).
Highest point: 381 m (1,250 ft)
Maximum N–S distance: 290 km (180 mi)
Maximum E–W distance: 460 km (290 mi)
Rivers
View of the Volga River at the confluence with the Kama River
View on the Toyma River from Devil's Tower in Yelabuga
Sviyazhsk, located at the confluence of the Volga and Sviyaga rivers
Major rivers include (Tatar names are given in parentheses):
Azevka River (Äzi)
Belaya River (Ağidel)
Ik River (Iq)
Kama River (Çulman)
Volga River (İdel)
Vyatka River (Noqrat)
Kazanka River (Qazansu)
Zay River (Zäy)
Lakes
Major reservoirs of the republic include (Tatar names are given in parentheses):
Kuybyshev Reservoir (Kuybışev)
Lower Kama Reservoir (Tübän Kama)
Zainsk Reservoir (Zäy susaqlağıçı)
The biggest lake is Qaban. The biggest swamp is Kulyagash.
Hills
Bugulma-Belebey Upland
Volga Upland
Vyatskiye Uvaly
Natural resources
Major natural resources of Tatarstan include oil, natural gas, gypsum, and more. It is estimated that the Republic has over one billion tons of oil deposits.
Climate
Average January temperature: −15 °C (5 °F)
Average July temperature: +18 °C (64 °F)
Average annual temperature: +4 °C (39 °F)
Average annual precipitation: up to 500 to 550 mm (20 to 22 in)
Administrative divisions
Main article: Administrative divisions of the Republic of Tatarstan
Administrative and territorial division: 43 municipal districts and 2 urban districts (Kazan and Naberezhnye Chelny), as well as 39 urban settlements and 872 rural settlements. The Republic of Tatarstan consists of districts and cities of republican significance, the list of which is established by the Constitution of the Republic of Tatarstan. The districts consist of cities of district significance, urban-type settlements and rural settlements with subordinate territories that make up the primary level in the system of administrative-territorial structure of the Republic. Cities of national significance can be geographically divided into districts in the city.Kazan Kremlin
Kazan University
Bolghar
Sviyazhsk
Temple of All Religions
Qolşärif Mosque
Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral
Söyembikä Tower
Millennium Bridge
Old Tatar Quarter
Galiaskar Kamal Tatar Academic Theatre
The Jalil Opera and Ballet Theatre
The National Museum of Tatarstan
Culture
Main article: Culture of Tatarstan
All Religions Temple. A building and cultural center built by the local artist Ildar Khanov
Sabantui, a Tatar festival
Major libraries include Kazan State University Nikolai Lobachevsky Scientific Library and the National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan. There are two museums of republican significance, as well as 90 museums of local importance. In the past several years, new museums appeared throughout the Republic.
There are twelve theatrical institutions in Tatarstan. The state orchestra is the National Tatarstan Orchestra.
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