ABKHAZIA, Land of the beauties
REPUBLIC OF ABKHAZIA
Geography
Abkhazia is situated on the Eastern Bank of the Black Sea, bordering to the West with Russia on the Psou River and to the East with Georgia on the Ingur River. On the North the Grand Caucasian Range. It has six main administrative regions: Gagra, Gudauta, Sukhum, Ochamchira, Tquarchal and Gal. The republic contains three National Parks in Pskhu-Gumista, Pitsunda-Mussera and Ritsa. Furthermore the country is rich in fresh water resources with many lakes and rivers. The climate is subtropical.
People
In the VIII century, the Abkhaz established one of the most influential states of the time - the Abkhaz Kingdom. In the XI century as a result of dynastic marriages, this state fragmented into several minor independent Kingdoms. At this stage until the XIX century, Abkhaz and Georgians coexisted in two separate and independent countries.
In 1810 Abkhazia voluntarily became a protectorate of the Russian Empire. Until 1864 it preserved its statehood and system of self-governance in the form of a sovereign principality. As a result of the Russian-Circassian War in the middle of the XIX Century many Abkhaz like Adyghe, Shapsugh, Ubykh, Abaza and other indigenous nations had to flee to the Ottoman Empire. This period of deportation is called Makhajyr. Approximately more than 250.000 Abkhaz were deported from Abkhazia to Turkey. Being demographically misbalanced Abkhazia had become a favourable territory for migration of other nations like Georgians to Abkhazia. After the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917, Georgia and Abkhazia took a way of creating two independent states, but in May 1918 the new Georgian Democratic Republic occupied and annexed Abkhazia.
Prior to this occupation the Abkhaz National Council had been formed, actively developing regional state institutions in the Northern Caucasus and Southern Russia (Circassia). As a result of these processes, Abkhazia joined the Union of Mountainous Peoples of the North Caucasus, and then the Mountain Republic and the southeastern Union of Cossack Forces, Caucasian Mountain Peoples and Free Peoples of the Steppe. Hence, following the annexation of Abkhazia by Georgia, the leadership of the Mountain Republic issued a formal protest to the authorities of the Georgian Republic and Germany, whose troops had participated in the operation. Abkhazia led its liberation war against Georgia from 1918 till 1921.
On the 4th of March 1921, the Georgian authorities in Abkhazia were overthrown by Abkhaz rebels; 'Kiaraz' movement. An independent Soviet Socialist Republic of Abkhazia was proclaimed on the 31st of March 1921. On the 21st of May 1921, the Revolutionary Committee of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic recognised the independence of Abkhazia.
In December 1921 the Abkhaz SSR, under pressure from Stalin was forced into a Union Treaty with the Georgian SSR, which created the basis for state-legal relations between Abkhazia and Georgia. According to this treaty, the SSR of Georgia and the SSR of Abkhazia entered into a military, political and economic alliance. State-legal relations between Georgia and Abkhazia were based on the treaty, which provided equal rights. Following this the Abkhaz SSR took part in the establishment of the USSR.
Read more:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Abkhazia
Abkhaz Web Portal
Abkhazia Land of the Seven Stars
Adyghe-Abkhaz History & Culture
Abaza - Cinematic Film | Абаза | Summer 2017
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4K ???? Trip to Kezenoyam Lake ????Chechnya trip ???????? Russia
Kezenoyam (Chech. Kyozana Iam, Eisen Ӏam) - a dammed lake on the border of the Vedeno district of the Chechen Republic and the Botlikh region of Dagestan. Refers to the basin of the Sulak River. Hydrological nature monument of regional significance. Located in the belt of subalpine meadows. It feeds on flowing streams and groundwater. There is no surface runoff. The water level is subject to strong fluctuations, both seasonal and perennial (within 6-8 m). In summer, the water in the lake warms up to 17-18 ° C. The thickness of the ice cover in winter is 60–80 cm. The volume of water is 62 million m³. Altitude - 1854 m. Surface area - 1.7 km², of which 1.5 km² - within Chechnya.
Archaeological finds and historical and architectural structures, such as national (Chechen) battle and residential towers, including the unique medieval castles of Aldam-Gezi, shrines, crypts, ancient burial grounds, some of the earliest mosques in Chechnya, even Chechen auls Kezenoy, Khoy, Arsoy, Sada, Buni, Majoy and others, located around Kezenoyam, also have the results of ethnographic expeditions to the ancient settlement of this region by Chechen taipes.
Alpine lake Kezenoyam is the largest lake in the Chechen Republic and the Greater Caucasus. It is located on the border of the Vedeno district of the Chechen Republic and the Botlikh region of Dagestan, on the southern slope of the Andean ridge, at an altitude of 1869 (1822) meters above sea level. The surface of the lake is 2.4 km². Water and educated valleys of two small rivers - Kharsum and Khukha. The collapse, damming the valley, occurred from the southern slope of the Kashkerlam ridge, below the confluence of these rivers. The reason, most likely, was an earthquake.
A natural dam located in the natural parts of the lake reaches a height of more than 100 meters. The basin of the lake has steep slopes and a flat bottom. The depth of the lake reaches 74 m. The length of the lake from north to south is 2 kilometers, from west to east - 2.7 kilometers. The maximum width is 735 meters. The coastline is 10 kilometers long. The lake nourishes and absorbs the keys. The main role in the nutrition of the lake is the small river Harsum, which flows into the lake in its northern part, and Kauha, which flows into the eastern part. The lake may have underground flow through the surrounding limestone rocks.
On April 18, 2015 in the Vedeno district of the Chechen Republic, the Kezenoy-Am tourist-recreational cluster was opened on the shores of the lake of the same name. The sports and tourist complex includes a hotel complex with 58 rooms, luxury cottages with a total capacity of 40 people, a VIP cottage, a restaurant, a bathhouse, a sports complex of 1200 m², sports grounds, a boat station, a pier and other facilities.
The project (2016) includes the construction of a cableway, a conference hall, an ethnographic-style restaurant courtyard, and a children's entertainment complex. It is also planned to develop and implement horse riding, walking, cycling and quad tours, the construction of a tent city.
See all videos of tours in the Chechen Republic in the playlist
Watch the video with walks around the city of Grozny and its attractions in the playlist
The original language on this channel is Russian. All translations into other languages are made through Google Translator. We apologize if the translation was not correct. We will be glad if you can provide a more improved version of the translation, be sure to write about it in the comments.