Ludlow, Shropshire, England
I'm off on another day trip to yet another beautiful English town. Today it's Ludlow, which has everything we need, a tea room, beautiful buildings and a CASTLE
Ludlow: Shropshire, UK: Town, Castle and River.
In this video the travel turtles visit Ludlow, a beautiful market town in Shropshire in the United Kingdom. This is the largest town in south Shropshire and sits next to the river Teme. We took some beautiful shots of Ludlow castle, town, including the river and the local area. This beautiful historic town is a focal point in this part of the country, we really hope you enjoy watching our video!
This YouTube channel is a family project designed to help tourists like ourselves to get a glance at their next holiday. Please like and subscribe if you enjoyed it, as this helps us to grow.
Location: Ludlow, Shropshire, England, UK.
Tags: #Ludlow #LudlowCastle #Shopshire
Our Instagram: @TravelTurtlesiG (Maria, Hannah, Chris & Ryan)
Featuring: Chris Turtle & Maria Turtle
???????????????????????????? Loveliest Town in England? - Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is in Shropshire. It is your typical English market town and very proud of the fact that it has been described as probably the loveliest town in England by Sir John Betjemen.
#Ludlow #Shropshire
Ludlow
A Walk In Ludlow Containing Lots Of Eat And Drinkeries.
I Find A Motorized Blast From The Past
BEST THINGS TO DO IN SHROPSHIRE, ENGLAND
If you're looking for the best things to do in Shropshire, then this is the video for you.
Shropshire is one of those really underrated places in England. I’m not going to say it’s a hidden gem, because places like Ludlow and Ironbridge are already famous, but it was the countryside that really surprised me - it’s absolutely stunning here.
I always love places that have a wonderful blend of culture, history, outdoor activities, and of course delicious food. Well, Shropshire has all of that and a lot more.
If you’re planning a trip here, then this video is packed full of the best places to go in Shropshire. I promise you you’re going to have such an amazing time here!
Also, make sure you head on over to my blog to see all the best things to do in Shropshire -
#Shropshire #VisitShropshire #England
✈✈✈
Music: All the music featured in this video is from Epidemic Sound.
If you’re interested in signing up to Epidemic Sound, I have a FREE 30-day trial ( to all my followers.
This gives you access to the whole Epidemic Sound library and gives you a little taste of what they’re like. I hope you enjoy!
✈✈✈
For more travel inspiration, make sure to subscribe to my channel -
You can also follow all my adventures here -
And on social media!
Facebook:
Instagram:
Pinterest:
Twitter:
✈✈✈
ϟ LINKS TO CAMERA GEAR HERE ϟ
Cameras:
Sony A7Riii:
Canon M50:
DJI Mavic Pro:
GoPro Hero7:
Lenses:
Sony 24-105mm F/4 G OSS E-Mount lens:
Zeiss Batis 18mm f/2.8 lens:
Camera accessories:
Manfrotto Professional 50 backpack (my main bag):
Manfrotto Noreg Camera backpack (my weekend bag):
Manfrotto BeFree Live Advanced tripod:
Manfrotto Pixi EVO 2 tripod:
Zhyiun Crane 2 Gimbal:
RODE Videomic Pro:
B+W Pro ND Filters:
My SD Cards:
LUDLOW, Shropshire, England
The historic market town of Ludlow. The castle was built 1086-1094 by the De lacy family, and is today owned by the Earl of Powis. Ludlow also has one of the largest parish churches in England. Parts of the present Church of St.Laurence date from 1199-1200 but most of what we see today is 15th century. Arthur, Prince of Wales, elder brother of Henry VIII, and his wife Katherine of Aragon, lived at Ludlow Castle, but not for long. Just 5 months later on 2 April 1502, Arthur died. He was buried at Worcester Cathedral, but his 'entrails' were buried here at St.Laurence's. Ludlow is situated on the River Teme, and has over 500 'Listed' historic buildings. Music by Brian Crain.
TOP Things to Do in Shropshire, England
Join us on our travel adventures around England! We take you to some of our favourite top highlights around Shropshire, England as well as parts of the West Midlands.
Based in the town of Shrewsbury, England we explored nearby towns throughout Shropshire county as well as some of the natural areas great for hiking.
We quickly fell in love with Shropshire, England and hope you guys do as well!
Chapters
0:00 We moved to Shrewsbury, England!
2:40 Ludlow
4:34 Ironbridge
6:24 Church Stretton / Shropshire Hills
7:12 Stiperstones
8:34 Hodnet Hall Gardens
10:18 Bridgnorth
11:42 Chester (Cheshire)
Subscribe to our channel for other videos of our time living in England and other parts of the UK as we travel around Europe!
#england #greatbritain #travel #uk #gaytravel
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tyler and I are a married couple who moved to the UK at the end of 2018. We have been living nomadic lifestyles in the US, having lived in New Jersey, Colorado, Seattle, and Hawaii, and started a vlog to document our travel experiences on a new continent! Follow along for our adventures throughout Europe!
LAST VIDEO: Travel ENGLAND | 4 Days in the Lake District:
NEXT VIDEO: The MOST Beautiful Villages in the Cotswolds (
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shared Instagram: @lukeandtylertravel
Luke's Instagram: @lukefreel
Tyler's Instagram: @tyler.milton
Contact Us: lukeandtylertravel@gmail.com
Ludlow Walk: Town Centre【4K】
Located in the county of Shropshire, and around 40 miles west, and slightly south, of Birmingham, is the town of Ludlow.
Geographically Ludlow is situated on a small hill near the confluence of the River Corve and River Teme. The name 'Ludlow' is derived from 'hlud', meaning loud waters, and 'hlǣw', meaning hill - essentially 'a place on a hill by the loud waters'.
In the late 11th century a castle was constructed, strategically located in close proximity to the England-Wales border. The Norman owners, the De Lacy family, developed a new settlement adjacent to the castle. Thus Ludlow was a planned town, developed around a grid network of streets, which is evident to this day. From 1199 construction began on St Laurence's Church. Situated at the peak of the hill around which Ludlow stands, this can be seen from several miles away. From 1233, town walls were constructed with four main gates and three postern (i.e. secondary) gates.
In 1472 The Council of Wales and the Marches was established by Edward IV of England, and was based at Ludlow Castle. Its area of responsibility consisted essentially of all of modern Wales and the English counties of Shropshire, Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire. From this point up until 1689, Wales was governed from the other side of the border, here in Ludlow. The council was abolished the year after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 which established William III and Mary II as joint monarchs. Subsequently, Ludlow Castle fell into neglect.
Early industry in Ludlow centred around wool. Glove making would later emerge as a key industry in the town, hitting a peak production of around 650,000 gloves in 1814. Light engineering, nail manufacture and textiles also played a role in the town's growth.
One of the most striking aspects of Ludlow is its architecture. There are nearly 500 listed buildings in the town. As can be seen from the walk, many timber framed medieval and Tudor buildings feature, as well as the Buttercross at the top of Broad Street, which was built in the 1740s.
In 1852 the railway arrived in Ludlow courtesy of the Shrewsbury and Hereford Railway. Today it is situated on the Welsh Marches line, roughly halfway geographically between the two termini: Newport and Crewe. (N.B. The Welsh Marches is a general term referring to the area along both sides of the England-Wales border)
Ludlow were represented in sport by Ludlow Town Football Club from 1890 up until 2012 at which point they folded.
???? SUBSCRIBE TO 4K EXPLORER FOR NEW VIDEOS EVERY WEEK ????
Filmed: 10th February 2022
Link to the walk on Google Maps:
Filmed on a Sony FDR-AX700 with a Zhiyun Crane 2 and a Sony ECM-XYST1M Stereo Microphone.
TIMESTAMPS:
0:00 Ludlow Castle
0:39 Dinham
2:15 Ludlow Castle
2:43 Castle Square
4:15 Raven Lane
4:21 Market Street
5:03 Broad Street
6:51 Brand Lane
8:25 Old Street
10:22 Bull Ring
10:59 King Street
11:58 Church Street
12:10 College Street
12:20 St Laurence's Church
12:29 College Street
12:41 Church Street
13:49 Castle Street
14:08 High Street
15:03 King Street
16:11 Bull Ring
17:18 Corve Street
LUDLOW CASTLE, SHROPSHIRE | Walking Tour | Pinned on Places
Consider Supporting us on
Patreon:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discord:
Instagram:
Website:
-
Hope you join us next time on our adventures. Please give our social media platforms and look and a follow. We hope to see you on our next adventure!
-
You can follow our journey and what we are getting up to on our Instagram above, give us a like and a follow.
-
#PinnedonPlaces #Ludlow #Castle #Shropshire
Places to see in ( Shropshire - UK )
Places to see in ( Shropshire - UK )
Shropshire is a county in the West Midlands of England, bordering Powys and Wrexham in Wales to the west and north-west, Cheshire to the north, Staffordshire to the east, Worcestershire to the south-east and Herefordshire to the south. Shropshire Council was created in 2009, a unitary authority taking over from the previous county council and five district councils. The borough of Telford and Wrekin has been a separate unitary authority since 1998 but continues to be included in the ceremonial county.
The county's population and economy is centred on five towns: the county town of Shrewsbury, which is culturally and historically important and close to the centre of the county; Telford, a new town in the east which was constructed around a number of older towns, most notably Wellington, Dawley and Madeley, which is today the most populous; and Oswestry in the north-west, Bridgnorth just to the south of Telford, and Ludlow in the south. The county has many market towns, including Whitchurch in the north, Newport north-east of Telford and Market Drayton in the north-east of the county.
The Ironbridge Gorge area is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, covering Ironbridge, Coalbrookdale and a part of Madeley. There are other historic industrial sites in the county, such as at Shrewsbury, Broseley, Snailbeach and Highley, as well as the Shropshire Union Canal.
The Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty covers about a quarter of the county, mainly in the south. Shropshire is one of England's most rural and sparsely populated counties, with a population density of 136/km2 (350/sq mi). The Wrekin is one of the most famous natural landmarks in the county, though the highest hills are the Clee Hills, Stiperstones and the Long Mynd. Wenlock Edge is another significant geographical and geological landmark. In the low-lying northwest of the county overlapping the border with Wales is the Fenn's, Whixall and Bettisfield Mosses National Nature Reserve, one of the most important and best preserved bogs in Britain. The River Severn, Great Britain's longest river, runs through the county, exiting into Worcestershire via the Severn Valley. Shropshire is landlocked and with an area of 3,487 square kilometres (1,346 sq mi) is England's largest inland county. The county flower is the round-leaved sundew.
Shropshire is connected to the rest of the United Kingdom via a number of road and rail links. Historically, rivers and later canals in the county were used for transport also, although their use in transport is now significantly reduced. The county's main transport hub is Shrewsbury, through which many significant roads and railways pass and join.
Alot to see in ( Shropshire - UK ) such as :
Adcote nr.Shrewsbury
Aqualate Hall, Newport
Attingham Park, Atcham
Benthall Hall, Broseley
Blists Hill, Madeley
Boscobel House, nr. Wolverhampton
Broseley Pipe Museum, Broseley
Bridgnorth Cliff Railway, Bridgnorth
Bridgnorth Castle, Bridgnorth
Brown Clee Hill, South Shropshire
Burford House
Caer Caradoc, nr. Church Stretton
Cambrian Heritage Railway, Oswestry and Llynclys
Chetwynd Park, Newport
Cardingmill Valley, Church Stretton
Clun Castle, Clun
Flounder's Folly, nr. Craven Arms
Fordhall castle and farm
Haughmond Hill, nr. Shrewsbury
Haughmond Abbey
Hawkstone Park, North Shropshire
Hopton Castle, nr. Craven Arms
Ironbridge Gorge
Kynaston's Cave, nr. Nesscliffe
Langley Chapel, nr. Shrewsbury
The Long Mynd, Church Stretton
Ludlow Castle, Ludlow
Mitchell's Fold, nr. Chirbury
Moreton Corbet Castle, Moreton Corbet
Newport Guildhall, Newport
Offa's Dyke Path, Welsh Marches
Puleston Cross, Newport
Severn Valley Railway, Bridgnorth
Shrewsbury Abbey, Shrewsbury
Shrewsbury Castle, Shrewsbury
Shropshire Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), South Shropshire
Shropshire Union Canal
Snailbeach nr. Shrewsbury
South Telford Heritage Trail, Telford
St Laurence Church, Ludlow
The Stiperstones, nr Pontesbury
Stokesay Castle, nr Craven Arms
Sunnycroft, Wellington
Telford Steam Railway, Telford
Titterstone Clee Hill, nr. Ludlow
Wenlock Edge, Much Wenlock
Wenlock Priory
White Ladies Priory
Whittington Castle, nr. Oswestry
The Wrekin (and Ercall) nr. Wellington
Wroxeter, nr. Atcham
( Shropshire - UK ) is well know as a tourist destination because of the variety of places you can enjoy while you are visiting the city of Shropshire . Through a series of videos we will try to show you recommended places to visit in Shropshire - UK
Join us for more :
A Day Trip To Ludlow Castle
We visit the wonderful and historic Ludlow Castle. Welcome to Ludlow Castle, one of the finest medieval ruins in England. Set in the glorious Shropshire countryside at the heart of the superb, bustling black & white market town of Ludlow. Walk through the Castle grounds and see the ancient houses of kings, queens, princes, judges and the nobility – a glimpse into the lifestyle of medieval society
Chapters
0:00 Start
0:05 Town Centre
0:49 Local Cheese
3:17 Into The Castle
4:00 Opening Times
4:21 Castle History
5:50 Moat
6:10 Council Of Wales and The Marches
6:51 Climbing the Keep
7:59 Stunning views!
10:50 The Round Chapel
12:55 Great Hall
14:41 The Big Chair
14:57 The North Range
17:27 The Red Dragon
17:40 The Keep
21:42 Legend of Robin Hood
22:27 Great Hall upper floor
22:40 Catherine of Aragon's Wedding Night
22:16 The Decay of the Castle
27:03 A Romantic Ruin
28:08 The Judges' Lodgings
30:40 The Outer Bailey
32:00 Mortimer's Tower
33:00 More Stunning Views
33:54 End Titles
SUBSCRIBE!
Watch my latest video
My most popular video
Follow me, my wife Jenny, Poppy, our Westie and sometimes Tara, my sister's Cavaschon. We do Motorhome Reviews, Motorhome Days Out, Help, Hints and Tips on Motorhomes, Motorhome Tours in the UK and Europe, we visit Motorhome Shows, and spend over a third of our year living in a motorhome. In fact all things motorhome!
Please - share, leave a comment, click subscribe (it's free), click the bell icon for notifications of all our new videos on our motorhome trips, shows, events, help, hints and tips on all aspects of #motorhomes #motorcaravan #campervan
Contact and Follow me on
Facebook:
Twitter:
YouTube Channel
Please: DO NOT contact me on Facebook messenger.
Affiliate Links (we get a small percentage, you pay the same).
▶ LINKS TO ALL OUR REVIEWED PRODUCTS ARE BELOW:
Video Equipment and Software:
Motorhome Essential Accessories:
Motorhome:
Fiat Ducato Swift Kon-Tiki Sport 574 (2019)
Car:
VW Club Up! (2015)
Dog(s):
Poppy, a West Highland White Terrier (2013), Tara, a Cavascon (2014), my sister's dog, who we look after occasionally.
Thanks for watching!
Best Things to Do in Herefordshire, England | Black Hill, Hereford, Hay-on-Wye and Ludlow
Hey everyone! Earlier this year we spent one week in Herefordshire and the surrounding area for a big family get together. In this video we show you the best things to do in Herefordshire, England including Black Hill, Hereford, Hay-on-Wye and Ludlow. (And yes we know Hay-on-Wye and Ludlow aren't technically in Herefordshire but they are easily doable as a day trip from Hereford and are well worth a visit if you are in the area!)
Herefordshire is a county of England bordering South Wales and is full of rolling farmland, wooded hills and beautiful river valleys. We have a whole video planned for the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty which is why it doesn't feature in this one! But as you will soon see you should definitely add it to your list of places to see in Herefordshire along with the locations in this video!
Hope you enjoy and thanks for all your support! :)
00:00 - Intro
00:32 - Welcome to Herefordshire!
00:47 - Black Hill via Cat's Ridge Hike
03:30 - Longtown Castle
04:19 - Exploring Hereford
05:53 - Sunset + Sunrise Drone Footage!
06:07 - Hay-on-Wye (Book Town!)
07:16 - Ludlow
08:30 - Our Accommodation
09:14 - Outro
--------------------------------------------------------------------
BUY US A COFFEE:
BEST TRAVEL INSURANCE FOR DIGITAL NOMADS:
83% OFF SURFSHARK - BEST VPN ON THE MARKET:
Stay safe online, protect your privacy and access content not available in your region! Join using the below link to get 83% off Surfshark for 12 months + 3 months free:
EPIDEMIC SOUND - BEST COPYRIGHT FREE MUSIC:
-------------------------------------------------------------------
CAMERA GEAR:
Go Pro Hero 8 Black:
DJI Mavic Mini 2:
Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark IV:
---------------------------------------------------------------
USEFUL INFORMATION:
Our Route (Black Hill):
Where to Park (Black Hill): Black Hill Car Park (HR2 0PL)
Longtown Castle Location: Longtown (HR2 0LE)
Cothill Barns Website:
------------------------------------------------------
WHERE TO FIND US:
BLOG:
Our Blog:
Black Hill via Cat's Back Walk:
14 Beautiful Places in Herefordshire:
INSTAGRAM:
Kitti's Instagram:
Jon's Instagram:
PINTEREST:
Pinterest:
----------------------------------------------------------
MUSIC:
The Best Copyright Free Music:
SONGS USED IN THIS VIDEO:
Energized Morning - Airae
Wait For The Night (Instrumental Version) - Nickolas Jones
Time on Our Side - Ten Towers
Nebulas - [ocean jams]
On A Clear Morning - Sunfish Grove
----------------------------------------------------------
ATTRIBUTIONS:
Pictures -
Hereford Chained Library: John Lord, CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Maps -
Map Source: Google Maps Map data ©2021 via
----------------------------------------------------------
ABOUT US:
Hi! We are Kitti and Jon! We are a multinational (Hungarian and British) couple living in Manchester, England and we love to travel, hike and explore both in the UK and abroad! We definitely have the travel bug and have explored many countries on and off together in the 7 years since we met (when our jobs have allowed it!). We decided to finally start filming our adventures and sharing them with you guys!
Please Like and Subscribe :)
*This post contains affiliate links, which means we may receive a small commission if you click a link and make a purchase. Clicking these links won't cost you anything, but it will help us to keep this channel going!*
Top 10 Historic Towns in the UK
When you are considering places to visit in the UK, other than London. This short video of Historic Towns of the UK is sure to give you plenty of ideas. Tourism in England may steer you towards generic towns and cities like London to visit. This is good, but if you are now seeking alternate places to go, see if one of these sparks some interest! Let us know your thoughts and if you have any specific ideas for videos you would like us to create.
LUDLOW SHROPSHIRE UK
Ludlow, in South Shropshire, is one of the most attractive towns in England.
Top Restaurants to Visit in Burrington, Ludlow | Shropshire - English
Burrington is a charming city located in Ludlow, Shropshire. Steeped in history, this city has a rich and fascinating past that dates back centuries.
One of the notable features of Burrington is its historic buildings. The city is home to a number of well-preserved medieval structures, including the Burrington Castle. This castle, which was built in the 12th century, offers a glimpse into the city's medieval past and provides breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside.
In addition to its architectural wonders, Burrington is also known for its picturesque landscapes. The city is surrounded by rolling hills and lush green fields, making it a popular destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. Visitors can explore the numerous walking trails and enjoy the fresh air and tra
Music track: Enlivening by Pufino
Source:
Free No Copyright Music Download
This channel is dedicated to showcasing the exquisite charm of world capitals and cities, aiming to boost tourism in these destinations.
Burrington boasts an array of exquisite restaurants. Within England, Burrington stands out for hosting some of the finest dining establishments. Our research has identified the top 10 must-visit restaurants in Burrington.
These acclaimed dining spots have garnered both local and nationwide attention, making them beloved destinations for diners across England. In this presentation, we'll guide you through the most stunning restaurants that Burrington has to offer.
If you enjoyed this video, please give it a thumbs up and consider subscribing to our YouTube channel. Don't forget to hit the notification bell for updates on our latest content.
All visual and audio content, including videos, songs, images, and graphics used in this presentation, are the property of their respective owners. This channel does not claim any ownership rights over them.
The Best Hotel in Ludlow?
We're staying at The Feathers hotel in Ludlow.
Thank you for being patient with her English, which is improving day-by-day. Like a lot of Tinglish speakers in Thailand, Rose is often mixes up her R's and L's and often doesn't pronounce the ends of her words. She's working on her language, but for now it's kind-of cute!
Please do 'smash the Like button' too! Not only does this help her YouTube channel grow and it gives Rose positive reinforcement that there are people across the world that are interested in learning about different cultures, stories and life experiences.
Rose would be thrilled to have you Subscribe to follow her journey and is delighted to receive your comments. Thank you for your support ????
Beautiful places and attractions of England (United Kingdom)
best price Hotels -
Beautiful places and attractions of England (United Kingdom): Buckingham Palace, London, Windsor Castle, City of Canterbury, Giant's Causeway, Lost Gardens of Heligan, Cotswold, Ludlow
Strolling in Ludlow Old Town, England ????????????????????????????
Ludlow's medieval origins were evident at every turn, from the imposing Ludlow Castle that stood as a sentinel over the town to the remnants of the town walls that encircled its heart. Inday explored the castle with awe, climbing up its stone towers to gaze at the picturesque Shropshire countryside that stretched out in all directions. The castle's history echoed through its halls, and Inday could almost hear the whispers of knights and royals who had once graced its grand halls.
The vibrant market square was a hub of activity, where locals and visitors mingled amidst stalls laden with artisanal crafts, fresh produce, and delectable treats. The aroma of freshly baked bread and sizzling sausages wafted through the air, tempting Inday to indulge in the local culinary delights. She couldn't resist sampling the traditional Shropshire pie, a savory dish that showcased the region's culinary heritage.
Ludlow's narrow alleys led Inday to hidden gems tucked away from the main thoroughfares. Quaint bookshops invited her to lose herself among the pages of history and fiction alike. She stumbled upon charming tearooms where she savored a cup of Earl Grey tea while watching the world go by through leaded glass windows.
A short tour of Ludlow Shropshire.
A short walk to the historical market place in the centre of Ludlow Shropshire.
Ludlow (England) - A Traveller's Memoir
???? Centred on a small hill near the confluence of the rivers Corve and Teme, Ludlow is a beautiful market town in Shropshire, England ????
The town is significant in the history of the Welsh Marches and in relation to Wales. The oldest part is the medieval walled town, founded in the late 11th century after the Norman conquest of England. ????
???? With over 500 listed buildings, mainly Georgian or half-timbered, Ludlow is a feast for the eyes. John Betjeman described it as “the loveliest town in England“. ????
_____________________________________________
#Ludlow #Castle #England #Wales
_____________________________________________
© Picture/Video Copyright: All the pictures & videos belong to me ©
_____________________________________________
I don't own the copyright of the audio/song.
No copyright infringement intended .
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Music: Inspiring And Uplifting Corporate by Wavecont
Video Link:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Music by Fretbound
Music: NO COPYRIGHT MUSIC - Royalty Free - RELAXED CORPORATE
Video Link:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Music: An Inspiring Commercial by RinkevichMusic
Video Link:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Music by RinkevichMusic
Video link:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Music: Inspiring Uplifting Motivational Cinematic (Creative Commons)
Video link:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Music: Inspiring Cinematic Uplifting (Creative Commons)
Video link:
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬